Pile weaves produce fabrics with raised, dense surfaces. Fabrics made in these weaves include slipper satin, satin crepe, and various sateen types. The amount of twist in the yarns and the length of the floats produce variations. In the sateen weave the process is reversed, and the exposed fillings form the floats. Satin weaves have a sheen produced by exposing more warps than fillings on the right side of the fabric. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Twill fabrics include denim, gabardine, and flannel. The herringbone weave has wales running both ways. Wales may run from the upper right to the lower left of the fabric, or the reverse. Twill weaves are made by interlacing the yarns in a manner producing diagonal ribs, ridges, or wales across the fabric. In the basket weave one or more filling yarns are passed alternately over and under two or more warp yarns, as seen in monk’s cloth. Ribbed effects in such fabrics as faille and bengaline are produced by employing heavier yarns for either the warp or the filling. Fabrics made in the plain weave include percale, muslin, and taffeta. In the plain weave each filling yarn passes over and under the warp yarns, with the order reversed in alternating rows. Some effects are achieved by the selection of yarns or of combinations of yarns. Woven fabrics may also be varied by the proportion of warp yarns to filling yarns. The yarn count and number of warp and filling yarns to the square inch determine the closeness or looseness of a weave. The manner in which the yarns are interlaced determines the type of weave. Fancy weaves-such as pile, Jacquard, dobby, and leno-require more complicated looms or special loom attachments for their construction. The three basic weaves are plain, twill, and satin. They run lengthwise, parallel to the warp yarns. Most woven fabrics are made with their outer edges finished in a manner that avoids raveling these are called selvages. In weaving, lengthwise yarns are called warp crosswise yarns are called weft, or filling. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.
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